Discover the Benefits of Natural Cat Litter: Exploring Eco-Friendly Options for Your Feline Friend

Shop for Affordable Freeze Dried Dog Treats - Bulk, Including Liver & More, at Dog.com

: A Tasty and Nutritious SnackDog owners want the best for their furry friends, and that includes what they eat. Treats are an important part of a dog's diet, not only as a reward for good behavior but also as a source of nutrition. Freeze-dried dog treats, in particular, have been gaining popularity among pet owners, and for good reason.Freeze Drying: A Nutritious and Flavorful ProcessFreeze-drying is a process that removes moisture from food while preserving its nutrients and flavor. The process involves freezing the food and then subjecting it to a vacuum that removes the ice content through sublimation, leaving behind only the dry solids. This process preserves the nutrients and flavor of the food, making it an ideal form of dog treats.Why Choose Freeze Dried Chicken Dog TreatsChicken is a common ingredient in dog foods and treats, and for a good reason. Chicken is a good source of protein, low in fat, and easy to digest. Furthermore, chicken is a flavor that dogs love, making it an excellent ingredient for dog treats. Freeze-dried chicken dog treats are perfect for training sessions or as a healthy snack.Benefits of Freeze Dried Chicken Dog Treats1. High Nutritional ValueFreeze-dried dog treats are packed with nutrients that support your dog's overall health. Chicken, in particular, is high in protein, which is essential for healthy muscle growth and repair. Additionally, freeze-dried chicken dog treats are often fortified with vitamins and minerals, which are essential for healthy eyes, skin, and coat.2. Convenient and Long LastingFreeze-dried dog treats have a long shelf life, making them an ideal snack for busy pet owners. These treats do not need refrigeration, which means you can keep them in your bag or car for easy access. Furthermore, freeze-drying removes moisture from the food, making it lightweight and easy to carry.3. Digestible and PalatableFreeze-dried dog treats are easy to digest, making them an ideal snack for dogs with sensitive tummies or digestive issues. Additionally, the freeze-drying process preserves the flavor and aroma of the food, making it more palatable for picky eaters.4. VersatileFreeze-dried chicken dog treats are versatile and can be used for a variety of purposes. They can be used as a training reward, as a snack between meals, or as a food topper to entice picky eaters to finish their meals.Why Choose Dog.com for Freeze Dried Chicken Dog TreatsDog.com offers a wide selection of freeze-dried chicken dog treats at affordable prices. The site offers treats from various brands, ensuring that there is something for every budget and preference. Additionally, Dog.com offers fast and free shipping on orders over $69, making it easy for pet owners to stock up on their pet's favorite treats.ConclusionFreeze-dried chicken dog treats are an excellent snack for your furry friend. They are packed with nutrients, convenient, easy to digest, and versatile. Furthermore, Dog.com offers a wide selection of freeze-dried chicken dog treats at affordable prices. Consider adding these treats to your dog's diet for a tasty and nutritious snack.

Essential Guide to Sand Casting Tools: Everything You Need to Know

article:Sand Casting Tool revolutionizes manufacturing industryThe manufacturing industry just got a major boost with the launch of a new sand casting tool. This cutting-edge invention is set to change the way metal casting is done, making it faster, more efficient, and cost-effective. With this tool, manufacturers can produce high-quality metal parts in large quantities while minimizing waste.The sand casting tool – currently known as the “SCT” (as we cannot disclose the brand name)- employs a unique and innovative approach to metal casting. Traditionally, sand casting involves creating a mold out of sand and pouring molten metal into it. This process can be time-consuming and labor-intensive, not to mention costly. However, the SCT replaces the traditional sand mold with a 3D-printed sand core. This core enables the casting of intricate shapes and intricate parts with high accuracy and precision.SCT, features a state-of-the-art computer-aided design (CAD) system that allows manufacturers to design and produce their metal parts more efficiently and quickly, without compromising quality. The system uses the latest software and is easy to use, even for those without extensive design experience.“Our sand casting tool is perfect for industrial production applications, where high volumes of metal parts are required,” said a spokesperson, stressing on no disclosing the brand name. “The tool’s innovative use of 3D printing technology as well as its intuitive design software make it a game changer in the manufacturing industry.”The company behind SCT is a well-known player in the manufacturing industry, having been involved in a wide range of projects over the years. Their expertise and experience in delivering high-quality solutions have been a key factor in the development and launch of this revolutionary tool.“Our aim was to create a tool that could make the metal casting process more efficient and less expensive. By leveraging our years of experience and expertise in this field, we were able to develop an innovative solution that exceeded our expectations,” said the spokesperson.The SCT is made from high-quality materials, which ensure its durability and reliability. It is also designed for ease of use, with a user-friendly interface and intuitive controls that make it accessible to anyone, regardless of their experience. In addition, the SCT is easy to maintain and repair, should any issues arise.The benefits of the SCT are not limited to its efficiency and cost-effectiveness. It is also environmentally friendly, as it significantly reduces the amount of waste generated during the metal casting process. This is because 3D printing technology enables the creation of accurate sand cores that are designed to fit the exact shape and size of the metal part being cast.“The SCT is an excellent asset for manufacturers looking to reduce their carbon footprint while maintaining high-quality metal parts production,” said the spokesperson.The SCT is set to become a major player in the manufacturing industry, as more and more companies look to streamline their production processes and reduce costs. With its cutting-edge technology, user-friendly interface, and eco-friendly features, the SCT is poised to revolutionize the way metal parts are cast, setting new standards of quality, efficiency, and sustainability.In conclusion, the SCT is a game-changing invention that has the potential to transform the manufacturing industry. Its innovative use of 3D printing technology, coupled with its intuitive design software, makes it a cost-effective solution for high-volume metal parts production. The SCT’s eco-friendly features and ease of use make it a compelling choice for manufacturers looking to reduce waste and streamline their production processes. As more and more companies adopt this revolutionary tool, we can expect to see a significant shift in the way metal casting is done.

5 Must-Have Products for Keeping Your Cat Happy and Healthy

Cat Product Expands its Range to Cater to the Needs of Every Feline Out ThereWhen it comes to taking care of our feline friends, we only want the best for them. And what better way to show our love for them than by providing them with the best products that they need to thrive?This is what Cat Product (company identity removed for anonymity) stands for. For years, the company has been providing high-quality products for cats that cater to their every need. And with their recent expansion, they have made sure that every type of cat out there can enjoy their high-quality products.Cat Product offers a wide range of products, from food and treats to toys and grooming items. But they understand that not all cats are the same, and each one has its specific needs. This is why their expansion includes a vast array of products that cater to different types of cats.For cats who are easily stressed, Cat Product has developed a line of calming products. Their calming sprays and diffusers make sure that your cat is relaxed and comfortable, even in the most stressful situations. These products use natural ingredients that help relax your cat and reduce their anxiety.For cats who are prone to shedding, Cat Product has developed a line of grooming products that help reduce shedding and keep their coat healthy. Their grooming products include brushes, combs, and shampoos that cater to different coat types. These products make sure that your cat's coat remains shiny, silky, and healthy.For cats who are sensitive to certain ingredients or have allergies, Cat Product has developed a line of hypoallergenic products. These products are specially formulated to avoid common allergens and irritants that can cause skin issues in cats. This makes sure that your cat stays healthy and happy.Cat Product has also expanded its food product range to include grain-free and hypoallergenic cat foods. These products use high-quality ingredients and are specially formulated to meet the nutritional needs of cats. They also offer a variety of flavors and textures to cater to the unique taste preferences of different cats.But that's not all. Cat Product has also developed a range of toys that cater to different play styles. Whether your cat loves to chase, pounce, or scratch, their toys make sure that your cat stays active and entertained. These toys are designed to stimulate your cat's instincts and keep them mentally and physically engaged.And finally, Cat Product has also developed a range of products that cater to senior cats. Their senior cat products include food, supplements, and toys that cater to the unique needs of aging cats. These products make sure that your senior cat stays healthy and happy.In conclusion, Cat Product's recent expansion shows their commitment to providing high-quality products for every type of cat out there. Their wide range of products cater to different needs and preferences, making sure that every cat can enjoy their products. With their focus on quality and innovation, Cat Product is sure to continue being a leading brand in the pet industry for years to come.

Leading Provider of Processed Minerals for Customer Satisfaction and Reliable Service

Your Solution For High Quality Mineral ProductsFor over 70 years, Thiele Kaolin Company has been one of the world's leading sources for high quality processed minerals. With facilities strategically located in North America and Europe, Thiele is able to effectively mine, process, and deliver a wide range of mineral products, including kaolin and silica.At Thiele, we are committed to delivering outstanding customer satisfaction, unparalleled product quality, and reliable service. Every order we receive is personally tailored to meet the specific needs of our clients. Our team of experts approach every customer interaction with experience, common sense, and personalized care.As a customer-focused company, we know that our success lies in keeping our promises, maintaining integrity and honesty, delivering hard work due to our experience, and the understanding gained over the years.One of our most prized mineral products is kaolin. Kaolin is a fine, white natural clay, also known as China Clay. It is commonly used in various industries due to its exceptional physical and chemical properties. Kaolin is extensively mined and processed by Thiele, who is one of the few companies worldwide to use a unique and patented method of producing kaolin called flash calcining.Typically, kaolin is used in the production of paper, ceramics, paint, plastics, cosmetics, and rubber. Because of its high quality, Thiele's kaolin products are sought after in the industry and are considered amongst the best in the world.In the paper industry, kaolin is used to improve ink receptivity, opacity, and brightness. In ceramics, it is used to give products excellent whiteness, strength, and thermal stability. In paint, it is used as a filler and pigment extender. In plastics, it is an effective reinforcing agent, which improves tensile strength. In cosmetics, it is used as a raw material for various products such as toothpaste, facial cream, and body powder. In rubber, it enhances strength, durability, and abrasion resistance.As a natural and sustainable product, kaolin provides a solution that meets the high standards of industry while also preserving the environment. At Thiele, responsible mining and processing practices ensure that environmental impacts are minimized.In conclusion, Thiele Kaolin Company is your go-to source for high-quality mineral products. As a company that places emphasis on customer satisfaction, quality products, and reliable services, we have been able to satisfy diverse industries. Specifically, our kaolin products are some of the most sought-after in the industry, thanks to our unique and patented method of production, commitment to quality, and our affinity for environmentally-friendly practices.

Discover the Benefits of Beige Sand Sifting Cat Litter

In recent years, more and more people have started to view their pets not just as furry friends, but as integral members of their family. Pet owners want the best for their pets, including the most comfortable living environments, the healthiest diets, and even the most eco-friendly products. That's where Vibrant Life Beige Sand Sifting Cat Litter enters the picture.Vibrant Life Beige Sand Sifting Cat Litter is a new cat litter made specifically with feline comfort in mind. It's unique in the sense that it's not just your ordinary clumping cat litter – it's made of small, sand-like particles that create a more natural, familiar environment for cats. With its lightweight texture and plant-based composition, Vibrant Life Beige Sand Sifting Cat Litter is a pet and eco-friendly solution to cat litter woes.The company behind Vibrant Life Beige Sand Sifting Cat Litter has been in business since 2004. Founded by a pet owner who wanted to make pet care less of a hassle, the company has strived to provide customers with healthy and sustainable pet products since day one. Vibrant Life Beige Sand Sifting Cat Litter is just one of their latest and most innovative products.What sets Vibrant Life Beige Sand Sifting Cat Litter apart from other cat litters on the market? For starters, its plant-based composition makes it biodegradable and safe for the environment. Additionally, the sand-like texture mimics the familiar feeling of being outside, which is especially important for indoor cats who spend most of their days indoors. Furthermore, the litter is easy to clean and sift, so pet owners don't need to worry about spending too much time or effort scooping cat waste.Many pet owners have already made the switch to Vibrant Life Beige Sand Sifting Cat Litter and have had rave reviews. "My cats love the texture of the litter," said one satisfied customer. "It's so much easier to clean than traditional clumping litter, and it doesn't create that dusty mess that some other litters do." Another customer noted that Vibrant Life Beige Sand Sifting Cat Litter is the only litter that doesn't produce nasty odors, even after several days of use.Not only is Vibrant Life Beige Sand Sifting Cat Litter great for cats, but it's also better for the environment. Made from plant-based materials, it's much safer and more sustainable than traditional, clay-based litters. The company behind it also has a strong track record of promoting eco-friendly, animal-friendly practices, so pet owners can feel confident in their purchase.In conclusion, cat owners who are looking for a better, more sustainable option in cat litter should look no further than Vibrant Life Beige Sand Sifting Cat Litter. This innovative litter is good for the environment, easy to use, and most importantly, beloved by cats. Its plant-based composition and lightweight texture make it the perfect solution for pet owners who want to prioritize their cat's comfort and safety, while also doing their part to save the planet.

Discover the Benefits of High Viscosity Bentonite for Your Industrial Needs

High Viscosity Bentonite – The Go-To Choice for High-Quality Drilling FluidsDrilling is an intricate process that requires the use of various fluids to ensure that the drilling operations are efficient, cost-effective, and safe. In the drilling industry, the importance of using the right drilling fluid cannot be overstated. A well-formulated drilling fluid helps improve drilling and operational performance, as well as protect against costly downtime, expensive repairs, and significant safety risks. That is where High Viscosity Bentonite comes in – it is the go-to choice for high-quality drilling fluids.High Viscosity Bentonite is a highly versatile, natural clay mineral that boasts some impressive properties. It is a unique and cost-effective solution for drilling operations, primarily because of its high swelling capacity, excellent viscosity, and unmatched fluid loss control properties. Its exceptional properties make it an essential ingredient in drilling fluids for water-based muds, oil-based muds, and synthetic-based muds.As a leading manufacturer of High Viscosity Bentonite, our company has a proven track record of providing top-quality drilling fluids to our clientele. Our bentonite products are sourced from the purest reserves of sodium bentonite in the United States, ensuring the quality and consistency of our products are never compromised. At our state-of-the-art processing facility, we subject our bentonite products to rigorous quality control measures, and our team of experts work round the clock to ensure the highest level of product quality.Our High Viscosity Bentonite is a clay mineral with an excellent ability to hydrate and swell when exposed to water, making it an essential additive in drilling fluids to increase their viscosity and density. Also, our bentonite products have excellent fluid loss control properties. With our bentonite products, drilling fluids can achieve the required properties necessary to efficiently transport cuttings from the wellbore to the surface, prevent hole collapse, reduce fluid loss, and maintain wellbore stability.High Viscosity Bentonite is a preferred choice for drilling operations due to its unique chemical properties. One major factor that makes our bentonite products stand out in the market is its high cation exchange capacity (CEC). CEC describes the extent to which a clay mineral can attract and exchange cations with surrounding solutions. The high CEC of our bentonite products makes them ideal for use in drilling fluids, as they can remove harmful dissolved solids from the drilling fluid. This property makes our products highly effective against scaling and reduces the risks of costly damages to drilling equipment.Our High Viscosity Bentonite products are versatile and can be used in various drilling applications. They are excellent for use in HDD (horizontal directional drilling), Piling, and other geotechnical applications. Additionally, our bentonite products are ideal for use in environmental drilling and well installation. Our bentonite products can also be used in the production of high-grade cement and as an ingredient in animal feed due to their exceptional binding properties.In conclusion, High Viscosity Bentonite is an essential ingredient in drilling fluids, and our company is a leading manufacturer providing top-quality bentonite products. We are committed to delivering high-quality drilling fluids to our clients that meet the most stringent industry standards. Our bentonite products are sourced from the purest reserves of sodium bentonite in the country, processed under the strictest quality control measures, and are available in various grades tailored to suit diverse drilling applications. With our bentonite products, our clients can enjoy increased drilling efficiency, reduced cost, and improved safety. When it comes to quality drilling fluids, High Viscosity Bentonite is the go-to choice.

Discover the Benefits of Using Natural Mineral Cat Litter for Your Feline Companion

Title: A New Era in Eco-Friendly Cat Care: Natural Mineral Cat Litter Revolutionizes the MarketIntroduction:In a world increasingly focused on sustainability and reducing ecological footprints, pet owners are seeking new and innovative ways to provide care for their furry friends without compromising on environmental responsibility. Enter Natural Mineral Cat Litter, an environmentally conscious solution that aims to redefine the cat care industry while ensuring the well-being of our beloved feline companions. In this article, we explore the benefits of Natural Mineral Cat Litter and why it is poised to revolutionize the market.Section 1: The Need for Eco-Friendly Cat LitterTraditional cat litters, often made from non-renewable materials such as clay or silica, have raised concerns about their impact on the environment. The production and disposal of such litter can contribute to deforestation, strip-mining, and increased waste accumulation. As a result, pet owners and animal advocates worldwide have been urging for more ecologically responsible alternatives.Section 2: Introducing Natural Mineral Cat LitterNatural Mineral Cat Litter provides a breakthrough solution to these concerns. Made from 100% natural minerals, this innovative product offers a biodegradable and eco-friendly alternative to traditional cat litter. Specifically designed to mimic the natural environment, it boasts several unique qualities that set it apart from other options on the market.Section 3: Biodegradable and SustainableThe primary advantage of Natural Mineral Cat Litter is its ability to decompose naturally over time. Unlike traditional litters that can take hundreds of years to break down, this natural alternative reduces the potential for long-term environmental impact. Its biodegradability allows for higher composting rates, lowering waste accumulation and minimizing the carbon footprint associated with pet ownership.Section 4: Superior Odor ControlOne of the major concerns for cat owners is the issue of odor control. Natural Mineral Cat Litter, however, combines exceptional absorption capabilities with powerful odor-neutralizing properties. This ensures that unpleasant smells are effectively trapped and minimized to create a cleaner and more hygienic environment for both cats and their owners.Section 5: Dust-Free and Allergen-FreeAnother key advantage of Natural Mineral Cat Litter is its dust-free composition. Traditional clay litter can produce excessive dust when disturbed, which can lead to respiratory discomfort for both cats and humans. By eliminating dust particles, this revolutionary product helps create a safer and healthier living environment for all.Section 6: Easy Maintenance and Long-lasting EffectivenessNatural Mineral Cat Litter has been engineered to clump upon contact with liquid waste, making scooping and cleaning an effortless task. Its unique formulation ensures that the litter remains highly absorbent, allowing it to remain effective for extended periods. This results in reduced frequency of litter changes and ultimately saves both time and money for pet owners.Section 7: Supporting a Sustainable FutureThe manufacturers of Natural Mineral Cat Litter are committed to sustainability beyond just the product itself. The company actively engages in reforestation initiatives and supports animal welfare organizations through partnerships and donations. By choosing this eco-friendly alternative, pet owners can contribute to a greener, more sustainable world.Conclusion:As we strive towards a more sustainable future, Natural Mineral Cat Litter emerges as a beacon of hope within the pet care industry. Offering enhanced environmental responsibility without sacrificing efficacy, this innovative product revolutionizes the way we care for our feline friends. With its biodegradability, superior odor control, dust-free composition, and long-lasting effectiveness, Natural Mineral Cat Litter sets a new standard for eco-friendly cat care. Embracing this extraordinary product not only benefits individual cats and their owners but also contributes to a greener and more sustainable world for future generations.

Discover the Best Snacks for Your Feline Companion

Why the Prices of Silicone-Based Products are on the Rise: Explained in Our Latest Blog

article discussing the recent increase in prices for silicone-based products.Silicone Sand: The Reason Behind the Recent Increase in Silicone-Based Product PricesHave you been experiencing a less-than-pleasant surprise at the checkout when buying silicone-based products recently? The sudden increase in prices for these products may have come as a shock to both individual consumers and businesses alike. But what is the reason behind this increase in prices, and why is it happening all of a sudden? The answer lies in the company known as Silicone Sand.Silicone Sand is a leading manufacturer and supplier of silicone-based products in the world. They provide a wide range of products, including sealants, adhesives, and coatings, that are used in various industries such as construction, automotive, and electronics. However, in recent times, their operations have resulted in an unexpected and steep rise in prices that has affected the entire industry.One of the primary reasons behind the increase in prices is the rise in the cost of raw materials that are used to produce silicone-based products. Silicone Sand heavily relies on the procurement of raw materials, which include silicon metal and methanol, to produce their products. Unfortunately, the prices of these raw materials have doubled in less than two years, which has led to an increased production cost for Silicone Sand and subsequently an increase in product prices.Another factor that has contributed to this rise in prices is the global shortage of shipping containers. With the COVID-19 pandemic having caused disruptions in the global supply chain, the availability of shipping containers is limited, leading to increased costs of transporting raw materials and finished products. This has also resulted in longer lead times for the delivery of orders, thereby impacting production and manufacturing cycles.Silicone Sand has also experienced a surge in demand for their products in response to the pandemic, which has further contributed to the increase in prices. The use of silicone-based products has increased in various industries, including healthcare and construction, due to their durability, elasticity, strength, and water-resistant properties. This has led to increased demand for Silicone Sand's products, resulting in a higher number of orders and depleted inventory.In response to the increase in production costs, Silicone Sand had initially implemented a price restructuring program, which involved the reduction of the size of their products without reducing their weight. However, this strategy was not well received by customers, resulting in negative feedback and decreased sales. Silicone Sand has since shifted its focus towards sourcing cheaper raw materials and improving operational efficiency to keep costs low and maintain product quality. They are also exploring alternative distribution channels to minimize the impact of the global shipping container shortage.In conclusion, the unexpected rise in prices for silicone-based products is due to various factors that have impacted Silicone Sand's operations. While this may be inconvenient for consumers and businesses, it is essential to understand the underlying reasons behind it. Silicone Sand is continuing to work towards minimizing the impact of these factors on product prices while maintaining the quality of their products. As an end-user of silicone-based products, it is important to keep up to date with the industry's developments and to work closely with suppliers to minimize the impact of rising prices.

Top 10 Healthy Snacks for Dogs to Keep Them Fit and Happy

As dog owners, we all want to give our furry friends the best possible care and nutrition. We want to make sure they not only enjoy their meals, but also get all the nutrients they need to stay healthy and happy. This is why it is important to choose the right pet food that is not only delicious but also nutritious. With that in mind, a new player in the pet food industry is making waves with innovative and healthy snacks for dogs.{Company name removed} is a pet food company with a difference. Their focus is on producing high-quality, healthy, and nutritious pet food that addresses the specific needs of pets. From their early days in the pet food industry, they recognized the need for better quality pet food, realizing that many pet owners were dissatisfied with the options available. The company set out to change this and provide a healthier alternative.{Company name removed} offers an extensive range of pet food products, including kibble, canned food, and treats. Their products are made with high-quality natural ingredients that are carefully selected to provide all the essential vitamins and minerals required by dogs. Their recipes are also formulated to cater to different breeds, sizes, and life stages. This ensures that all dogs, regardless of their age or size, get the optimal nutrition they need to thrive.One of the key highlights of {Company name removed} products is their commitment to using only natural ingredients. They firmly believe that dogs deserve the best quality, and that starts with the quality of the food they put into their bodies. To this end, they use only high-quality fruits, vegetables, meats, and grains in their products. They also avoid the use of artificial preservatives, colors, and flavors.In recent years, {Company name removed} has been making headlines for their innovative dog snacks. These dog treats are not only delicious but also packed with essential nutrients that dogs need to stay healthy and active. Their snacks come in different flavors and textures to cater to different preferences. They are all made with natural ingredients, making them a safe and healthy option for dogs.Dog snacks are an important part of a dog's diet. They offer a way for pet owners to bond with their furry friends while also rewarding them for good behavior. However, not all dog snacks are created equal. Many commercially available dog treats are high in calories and added sugars, which can lead to obesity and other health issues. {Company name removed} snacks, on the other hand, are formulated to provide dogs with the perfect balance of protein, fiber, and healthy fats. Their treats are also low in calories, making them a healthy option for dogs of all shapes and sizes.{Company name removed} dog snacks come in a wide range of flavors, including chicken, beef, lamb, and salmon. They also offer snacks that cater to dogs with dietary restrictions, such as gluten-free and grain-free options. All their snacks are easy to digest and contain no fillers or artificial ingredients.One of the most popular {Company name removed} snacks is their chicken jerky. This savory treat is made from high-quality chicken breast that is thinly sliced and then roasted to perfection. The result is a crunchy, delicious snack that dogs can't get enough of. This jerky is high in protein and low in fat, making it a healthy option for dogs that need a boost of energy.Another popular {Company name removed} treat is their lamb lung. This crunchy snack is made from 100% lamb lung, which is a rich source of protein and other essential nutrients. It is perfect for dogs that enjoy a chewy texture, and it helps strengthen their jaws and teeth.{Company name removed} is committed to providing pet owners with the best possible pet food products. They are dedicated to using only high-quality, natural ingredients in their recipes, and their dog snacks are no exception. Their range of dog snacks offers a delicious and healthy way to reward our furry friends while also providing them with essential nutrients. With {Company name removed} products, pet owners can rest assured that their dogs are getting the best possible nutrition they need to stay healthy and happy.